AI & Psychotherapy

The study conducted by Luc Garczynski at Université de Montréal interviewed four Quebec CBT psychologists about their actual uses of ChatGPT in their practice. We jointly present what he found: a spontaneous three-step protocol, a systematically peripheral use, an invisible prerequisite — and two phenomena that no one had anticipated.

Elizabeth Stade and her team (Stanford, Penn, Johns Hopkins) propose a framework for thinking about the integration of LLMs in psychotherapy, articulated around three tiers of autonomy (assistive, collaborative, autonomous). Luc Garczynski (UdeM, 2026) formalises its applications into five axes and adds two unprecedented empirical categories.

The HAS-CNIL guide on AI in healthcare (February 2026) mentions neither psychotherapy nor mental health. Three critical blind spots for psychologists: consent, professional secrecy, situation awareness. Analysis and practical tools.

Published in the BMJ in March 2025, PROBAST+AI is the first quality assessment tool for clinical prediction models that holds classical statistical and artificial intelligence approaches to the same standards of rigour. Its starting finding is damning: most published models are of poor quality, their performance is overestimated and their biases go unnoticed. Sixth instalment of our series on AI evaluation frameworks in healthcare.